What two arteries supply blood to the brain?

• A. Internal carotid and subclavian arteries
• B. Aorta and vertebral arteries
• C. Internal carotid and vertebral arteries
• D. Common carotid and brachial arteries

Answer: (C)

The internal carotid and vertebral arteries are the primary sources of blood supply to the brain, making the correct choice essential for understanding cerebral circulation.

The internal carotid arteries, which branch from the common carotid arteries, enter the skull and split into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. These arteries are crucial for providing oxygenated blood to the majority of the cerebral hemispheres, particularly the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes.

The vertebral arteries, which branch off the subclavian arteries, ascend through the neck and enter the skull via the foramen magnum. They fuse at the base of the brain to form the basilar artery, which supplies the posterior regions of the brain, including the cerebellum and brainstem.

This combination of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries ensures that the brain receives a rich supply of blood, which is vital for its metabolic needs. Understanding this dual supply is fundamental for diagnosing and managing various conditions affecting cerebral circulation.